| Category | Assignment | Subject | Engineering |
|---|---|---|---|
| University | ___ | Module Title | City and Guilds 201 Health and Safety in Building Services Engineering Assignment Answers |
This unit aims to provide students with the understanding and the knowledge that is required for working safely within the electrical installation industry and building services engineering. This unit helps in understanding recent health, safety and environmental legislation. Other than this, the unit covers major topics like risk assessment, workplace responsibilities, and safe working practices. Here you will learn how you can identify and even control any types of hazards that can occur in building services.
Once you are done with this unit, you will be able to respond to any emergencies and accidents by using personal protective equipment in a better way; this will make you aware of whether electrical systems are safe to work on or not. Further, you will see this unit also promotes environmental responsibility and compliance with legal requirements, which will help you in learning a professional and safe working environment.
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Within the building services engineering sector, the responsibilities for ensuring that work is carried out safely lie with the employer, employee, organisation and client through legislation relating to health and safety.
The Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAW) 1974 requires employers to provide a safe working environment for their employees and for anyone affected by their work activities. Employers are responsible for conducting risk assessments, training to ensure that the correct procedures are followed, maintaining the machinery and plant, and ensuring use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) where required, as well as making sure that safe systems of work are in place. There are also other regulations that employers are required to adhere to, including Electricity at Work Regulations, COSHH Regulations and Working at Height Regulations.
Staff have a legal duty to take reasonable steps to ensure their own health and safety and that of any others who might be affected by their actions. They need to adhere to company policy, wear PPE appropriately, identify hazards, defects and accidents, and assist their employer in compliance with health and safety standards. Staff should also refrain from using safeguarding equipment inappropriately.
Organisations need to create and maintain health and safety policies, carry out regular risk assessments and ensure compliance with relevant legislation. They must ensure sufficient resources, supervision and monitoring to ensure a safe workplace. Organisations should also ensure that equipment is in good working order and is kept to the standards of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER).
Clients have duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act to ensure that the information provided about site conditions and hazards is accurate. They need to liaise with contractors and ensure that work is undertaken safely. There should also be adequate time and resources for the work to be done with a healthy and safe approach.
Relevant Legislation
Important legislation that affects Building Services Engineering is:
All of these laws, when taken together, can contribute to a safe working environment and minimise the likelihood of accidinjuriesent and injury.
Answer:
Environmental legislation is intended to prevent damage to the environment from activities in the workplace. The responsibilities for compliance with these requirements lie with the employer, employee, organisation and client.
Employers need to ensure activities at work cause minimum disturbance to the environment. They are also tasked with training on environmental procedures, proper disposal of waste and meeting environmental laws including the Environmental Protection Act and Hazardous Waste Regulations. Employers should also do their best to avoid pollution of land, air and water.
Employees are responsible for observing procedures for the environment and disposing of waste materials properly. They are expected to report spills, leaks or other events that could impact the environment as well as ensure the safe handling and storage of hazardous materials.
It is the responsibility of organisations to establish environmental policies and systems to minimise waste and pollution. They are responsible for ensuring that environmental regulations are being met and will encourage sustainable working methods, including reusing and recycling resources.
Clients should ensure that contractors are compliant with environmental requirements and set out information concerning environmental risks of a site. They should also promote sustainable working practices in a project.
Relevant Environmental Legislation
Key environmental legislation is:
Abiding by environmental laws safeguards the environment, reduces pollution, and encourages sustainable building methods.
Answer:
If an accident at work results in injury, the proper protocol must be adhered to in order to ensure that the injured individual is safe and can be protected from any further harm occurring. It should be known to all employees how to report any accident and how to respond to an emergency.
The first is to make the area safe by removing any immediate dangers, wherever possible, without endangering other people. If the injured party needs help, a First Aid trained person should be called right away. The injury is to be evaluated and first aid administered if necessary until the patient can get medical help.
If the injury is severe, call emergency services (999). The information to give to emergency services should be clear and concise, such as the location of the incident, injuries sustained and any danger that could remain. The workplace emergency procedures and evacuation procedures should be adhered to if necessary.
Incidents should be reported to a supervisor/manager at the earliest opportunity and be documented in the organisation's accident book. Some of these incidents may also be required to be reported under the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR). Reporting is important to determine the cause and prevent future similar occurrences.
If an electric shock has taken place, the power should be turned off as quickly as possible before touching the victim. If isolation of the source is not feasible, the casualty should be separated from the electrical source with a non-conductive object. If the person is no longer under the electrical current, emergency medical aid should be called for. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) shall be begun by a trained individual if the casualty is unconscious and not breathing normally and continue until emergency services have arrived.
Cool running water should be run over the burn for a minimum of 10 minutes for electrical burns if applicable. If possible, remove tight-fitting clothes or jewellery from around the burn site. This burn should then be dressed with a sterile, non-stick dressing. Ointments, creams or adhesive dressings should not be applied. Always seek medical advice if an electrical burn occurred as it may have sustained damage to the body that is not immediately apparent.
By following these procedures, you will help to ensure employee safety, legal compliance, and minimise the risk of further injury or complications.
Answer:
Emergencies in the workplace may be caused by a fire, gas leaks, electrical incidents, structural failure, serious injuries, and other situations that could pose an immediate threat to people and property. All employees must be made aware of the correct procedures to follow for everyone to be safe.
First, in case of an emergency, stay calm and evaluate the situation without endangering oneself or others. If an alarm system is installed, it should go off at once for other occupants to be warned. Staff should then implement any emergency procedures and directions provided by the organisation and/or supervisors, fire wardens or other responsible personnel.
In the event of an evacuation, staff members will leave the building by the assembly point set-up routes and reach the assembly area. Lifts should not be used during a fire or other emergencies unless specifically authorised. Do not bring personal effects – they are not considered a priority during an evacuation.
If emergency services are needed, dial 999. The caller should give clear information about the exact location, the type of emergency, the number of persons involved and any special hazards (such as electrical equipment, hazardous materials or gas cylinders).
Basic first aid or fire-fighting gear may be used where safe and when properly trained (by the person). But workers must never put themselves at risk or perform tasks that they are not capable of doing.
Once the emergency has been quelled, the incident should be reported following the company's procedures. Any investigative, accident report or RIDDOR notification should be completed as appropriate. The procedures help to reduce injuries, prevent property damage and ensure adherence to health and safety legislation.
Answer:
Workers are only permitted to undertake activities when they have been trained, authorised and competent to do so. When a situation involves health and safety issues which are beyond their scope of responsibility, or their level of experience, they should not go into it alone as this may lead to injury, damage or a further hazard.
The initial first step is to cease work if it is unsafe to proceed and to keep others away from the affected area as far as practicable. The problem should then be reported as soon as possible to a supervisor/manager/site safety officer or other responsible person. There should be clear information on the nature of the hazard and any risks that may exist.
Situations that may fall outside the scope of an employee's responsibility may involve finding asbestos-containing materials, large electrical problems, structural damage, hazardous chemical spills, gas leaks or serious accidents. If so, only trained (and authorised) personnel should go further.
Employees to follow company procedures, co-operate in investigations and await instructions from competent persons. Early response and reporting of concerns minimises accidents and promotes the safe and effective management of hazards.
Answer:
All issues relating to health and/or welfare should be reported to the responsible person concerned for the relevant action to be taken promptly. Reporting hazards, accidents and unsafe work practices assists in keeping the workplace safe and helps prevent injuries.
The right people would be:
1. Employer or Manager
The employer/site manager will have the overall responsibility for health and safety management and should be notified of any accidents, unsafe conditions and welfare issues.
2. Supervisor
A supervisor is likely to be the first person to be contacted with regards to hazards, faulty equipment or unsafe work practices. They have the ability to take immediate action and escalate when needed.
3. Health and Safety Officer
Numerous organisations designate a health and safety officer who is responsible for compliance with legislation, incident investigations and advising on health and safety issues. Whilst the term Employee Representative is used to refer to a member of an employee representative council, Trade Union Representative may also be used. Employees can submit health and safety concerns to appointed safety representatives who can discuss the issues with management, as appropriate.
4. Environmental Health Officers/HSE Inspectors
Raising serious concerns, concerns which breach legislation or concerns which are reportable may require the matter to be referred to external authorities including Environmental Health Officers or the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
5. Clients or Customers
If any work activities could impact the premises or operation of a client, appropriate health and safety issues should also be discussed with the client to ensure suitable precautions are put in place. Reporting concerns to the right person ensures hazards are addressed promptly, legal requirements are met, and the safety of all is protected in the workplace.
Answer:
When activities in the building services engineering sector are not adequately managed, a significant impact on the environment can result. Both workers and employers are responsible for being mindful of the damage caused to the environment and for ensuring that they adhere to environmental laws.
Land contamination is one of the ways the environment can be adversely affected. This can happen if something harmful like oil, fuel, chemicals or solvents is spilt on the ground. Waste materials can also contaminate soils and render land unusable if disposed of incorrectly.
Construction and installation processes causing dust, fumes or emissions can cause air pollution. Power tools, generators and vehicles release pollutants into the air; this may impact air quality and pose a health risk to workers and the public.
Water pollution can also occur from work activities. Improper storage, handling and disposal of chemicals, oils, cleaning agents or other hazardous materials can result in contamination of drains, rivers or groundwater systems. This can be detrimental to the health of water bodies and ecosystems.
Waste materials, such as packaging, scrap metal, cables, plastics and electrical equipment, are also generated as another impact on the environment. Untreated waste can lead to more waste entering landfill and can cause degradation of the environment.
Furthermore, noise from machinery, drilling and construction work can impact local communities, wildlife and workers' wellbeing if there is too much noise. Improper working practices can also lead to energy loss that, in turn, can have an adverse impact on a project. Workers should follow environmental procedures, efficiently utilise resources and dispose of waste properly to minimise negative impacts on the environment.
Answer:
Good waste management is crucial for ensuring safe working environments, meeting environmental regulations and environmental protection. All waste generated on site should be handled, stored and disposed of using approved procedures.
One of the requirements is to classify the waste into the appropriate categories. Separation of materials like metal, plastic, cardboard, timber and electrical components must be done to enable recycling wherever possible. Hazardous waste such as asbestos-containing material, chemicals, oils or contaminated materials must be stored separately and disposed of by registered waste contractors.
Good working practice would involve the labelling of waste containers, having designated areas for storing waste, with no waste being left in work areas where it could create trip hazards or fire risks. Waste should be swept up regularly to ensure the site is kept clean and safe.
The workers should have the attitude of reduce, reuse, and recycle. Minimising unnecessary waste, re-using materials where appropriate and recycling recyclable materials helps to reduce the environmental impact of site activities.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Regulations should be followed when disposing of electrical and electronic waste. Hazardous waste should always be treated according to the appropriate regulations and never mixed with municipal waste.
Records should be kept with reasonable accuracy where necessary, especially in the case of transfers involving hazardous wastes. Employers are required to provide proper training to all employees and to inform them of the necessary measures to take in case of waste disposal in the workplace. Compliance with these requirements and good practices ensures protection of the environment, helps to reduce disposal costs and ensures that legal requirements are met.
Answer:
Immediately report environmental hazards if they are identified in the workplace. They may be chemical spills, fuel leaks, unsafe waste disposal, uncontrolled emissions, or excessive dust or water contamination.
Reporting environmental hazards is important because corrective action can be taken before significant damage is done. Early reporting will minimise pollution of the land, air and water and minimise impact on the wildlife, ecosystems and the local community.
It also assists organisations to meet environmental regulations and to prevent legal liability, fines or enforcement action. Unless environmental hazards are reported, they could lead to more serious incidents that are expensive to resolve, and could harm the reputation of the organisation.
Reporting hazards helps to create a safer and more responsible work environment. It allows managers to dig into the root cause of the problem, put in measures to control it and prevent another such incident from happening again in the future.
Employees can help protect the environment by reporting environmental hazards promptly, helping with legal compliance and promotion of sustainable working practices.
Answer:
Risk Assessments and Method Statements are important documents and are used to identify hazards, control risks, and ensure work is carried out safely. Staff should be aware of the process and practices as appropriate.
The first step in a risk assessment is to determine the hazards of the task, workplace, and/or equipment to be used. Hazards can range from working at height, manual handling activities, moving equipment or hazardous substances.
The next step is to identify who might be affected and what the impact might be. This could include employees, contractors, clients, members or visitors of the public. The risk should then be assessed based on the risks involved and the consequences if there is any harm.
Control measures need to be identified and put in place to minimise the risk to an acceptable level. Examples of measures need to be identified and put in place to minimise the risk to an acceptable level. Examples include safe isolation procedures, the use of barriers, improved working methods, supervision or training. The results should be documented and shared with those who participated in the work activity when finished.
A method statement is then produced that describes the work to be done in a safe manner. It offers step-by-step instructions, hazard identification and control measures that need to be taken. Before commencing work, employees will be required to read, understand and adhere to the risk assessment and method statement.
Regular reviews should be conducted whenever there is a change in work activities, new hazards are identified or after an incident. Ensure that risk assessments and method statements are effective and up to date.
Answer:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should only be used after other methods of controlling risks have been considered. Risks to be controlled and ideally eliminated as far as possible before using PPE should be first reduced to a minimum through good health and safety legislation.
The first step is to identify the hazard and determine the extent of the risk. Where possible, the hazard should be completely removed. For example, if the electrical system is broken, it should be isolated and fixed, not the protective equipment.
If the hazard cannot be eliminated, alternative methods should be used to reduce the risk. This could include substituting hazardous materials for safer alternatives, utilising safer equipment, or modifying work layout or the addition of engineering control like guards, barriers or extraction systems.
Administrative controls may also be put into place, such as safe systems of work and supervision training, signs, supervision and prohibitions to access hazardous areas. Such measures minimise the risk of accidents.
Where these measures are not sufficient to control the risk, then PPE should be supplied. PPE can be used as a last line of defence and can include safety helmets, gloves, eye protection, hearing protection, high visibility clothing and safety footwear.
This hierarchy of control can help employers create a safer work environment and decrease reliance on PPE.
Answer:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is designed to help workers to avoid hazards that can't be controlled completely through other means. PPE minimise risks of injury and helps to make the workplace safer.
Hazards in building services engineering include falling objects, electric shock, sharp objects, noise, dust, and exposure to hazardous substances. These hazards can be prevented and accidents avoided with the use of appropriate PPE.
PPE may include safety boots for protection from impact and puncture to the feet, high-visibility clothing for good site visibility, hearing protection to prevent excessive noise exposure, safety glasses or goggles to protect eyes and a safety helmet to protect the head from injuries.
PPE is a key component of safety in the workplace, but it should not be the only control measure; other controls like risk assessments, safe systems of work and training are important factors to consider. Workers must use PPE correctly, maintain it in good condition and report any defects immediately.
PPE will help to protect employees, keep the work environment safe for both employees and visitors, and can help comply with health and safety laws.
Answer:
The type of protective clothing and equipment to be used will depend on the type of work being undertaken and hazards having been identified in the risk assessment. Using the appropriate PPE minimises risk of injury and keeps workers safe from hazardous work situations.
Some of the Typical PPE equipment for building services engineering is:
Appropriate PPE should be chosen for the task, used correctly, kept in good order and replaced when damaged. PPE should be trained on how to use and when not to use to help maximise protection for workers.
Answer:
In the workplace, adequate first aid arrangements should be in place to ensure prompt first aid treatment is made available if there is an injury or illness. The degree of provision will vary according to the size of the workplace, number of staff involved and risk associated with work activities.
First aid facilities are usually:
1. An appropriately equipped First aid box.
2. Identified first aid equipment and supplies.
3. First aid trained staff or designated first aid officers.
4. Clear and visible emergency contact information.
5. The ability to have clean water to wash wounds and address injuries.
6. Access to emergency services
7. Accident book to record accidents and injuries.
If the workplace is larger or of a higher risk, there may be a need for a separate first aid room to be allocated. First aid equipment should be regularly checked to make sure that it is fully equipped and ready to use.
Answer:
First aid equipment and supplies are provided to assist injured people in the event of an emergency and should only be used in their intended capacity. Misuse of first aid equipment can mean that it is not there when someone actually needs it, which can lead to an increased risk.
For instance, bandaging, dressings, or other medical supplies used for non-emergency purposes could reduce the effectiveness of the first aid kit during an accident. Likewise, equipment manipulation can decrease effectiveness and threat in the workplace.
Also, the first aid equipment used must be replaced whenever possible. This makes sure that the first aid kit is always fully equipped and able to be used during emergencies. Regular inspections should be carried out to check stock levels, expiry dates and the condition of equipment.
Having the first aid supplies on hand is a sign of good health and safety practice, will ensure compliance with workplace regulations and will help ensure that effective treatment can be provided should an accident occur.
Answer:
Equipment and materials should always be used in a safe way to minimise the risk of accidents, injury and damage to property. All equipment must be inspected before use to make sure it is suitable for the job and has no defects. When any piece of equipment is damaged or faulty, it must be taken out of service and reported immediately.
Tools and equipment should only be used for the purpose for which they were designed and used in a manner recommended by the manufacturer and the company. Specialist equipment should only be used by an operator who has received the appropriate training and authorisation to use it.
Portable power tools (including drills or grinders) should be inspected before use on cables, plugs, guards and safety features. Equipment must be plugged in to a properly rated power source and operated safely away from the operator and others in the vicinity.
Materials must be stored securely to ensure they are not damaged, contaminated or injured. Adhesives, solvents and cleaning chemicals that are hazardous to use or store should be used and stored consistent with COSHH standards. Good housekeeping practices should also be observed by workers to keep up a neat and clean work area, with no unnecessary materials, trailing cables or other hazards.
Do not use access equipment (e.g. ladders and mobile scaffold towers) until they have been properly inspected. All safe working loads should not be exceeded, and equipment should be erected and used in accordance with relevant safe working practices. Safe working practices will help to keep workers safe, ensure efficient working and meet health and safety requirements.
Answer:
Before any work is done on an electrical system, procedures should be followed to ensure that the electrical system is safe and that the risk of electric shock, burns, fire or damage to the equipment is eliminated. Safe isolation is the most crucial procedure.
The first step is to determine the right circuit or equipment in need of work. Workers should acquire relevant data including circuit diagrams, permits to work and site instructions, if appropriate. The electrical supply must then be turned off with the proper isolating device.
The isolation point should be locked off with a lock-off device after isolation so that it cannot be accidentally reconnected. Also, a warning notice should be attached to indicate to others that work is being done on the system.
Once isolated, the circuit should be checked for voltage through an approved voltage indicator to ensure that the circuit is “dead”. The voltage indicator should first be tested on a known live source, then the isolated circuit should be checked; finally, it should be re-tested on a known live source to ensure that the voltage indicator is working properly. This is also referred to as a prove work test.
If voltage is not detected, then work can be done. The workers should adhere to the company procedures throughout the task, and should wear the necessary PPE (where needed), and allow only authorised persons in the area where the task is being carried out.
a. carrying out safe isolation procedures
b. not carrying out safe isolation procedures.
Answer:
a) Carrying Out Safe Isolation Procedures
Carrying out safe isolation procedures has several important benefits for workers, other people on site and electrical systems.
Safe isolation for workers helps to minimise the risk of electric shock, burns and other injuries. It gives the peace of mind that the system is now safe for working.
Safe isolation will minimise the risk of accidental contact with live conductors or equipment causing an accident for other persons at the location. It contributes to a safer work environment for all.
The risk of short-circuiting, damage to equipment and unwanted interruptions to electrical services is minimised for electrical systems and equipment. It also helps to ensure legality and industry best practices.
In general, safe isolation can help make the workplace safer, protect equipment, and prevent incidents - which can be expensive.
b) Not Carrying Out Safe Isolation Procedures
Not implementing safe isolation procedures can have grave consequences. Living electrical conductors may be encountered by workers, and can cause electric shock, severe burns, cardiac arrest and death.
Unenergised electrical systems can also pose a risk to others nearby. Faulty connections with the live element may lead to injury of fellow employees, contractors or members of the public.
Electrical equipment and building systems may be damaged due to short circuits, electrical faults or incorrect working practices. This may result in expensive repair works, disruption of services and delays in projects.
Not following safe isolation procedures could also lead to lawsuits, disciplinary actions, prosecution by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and compromise the organisation's reputation.
For these reasons, safe isolation is one of the most important safety procedures within the electrical installation industry.
Answer:
Hazardous substances are identified by recognised hazard warning symbols, which warn workers of their potential harmfulness. The following groups of hazardous substances and warning signs exist:
1. Explosive – Substances that could explode under heat, shock or friction conditions.
2. Flammable – Indicates materials which will readily burn, including fuels, solvents, etc.
3. Oxidising – Substances that can start and/or make a fire burn more intensely.
4. Corrosive – Alerts that a material will be destroyed or skin will be burned if it comes into contact with it.
5. Toxic – Indicates that a substance may be harmful or fatal when inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin.
6. Harmful/Irritant – Substances that can irritate the skin, respiratory system or cause some other health effects.
7. Hazard to the Environment – Alerts to the potential of causing harm to wildlife, plants or water courses if released to the environment
These are signs that workers should be aware of and be mindful of safety precautions when handling hazardous substances.
Answer:
A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm to people, property or the environment. If not controlled, hazards can cause injury or illness, equipment damage or environmental pollution.
Examples of workplace hazards are found in exposed electrical conductors, trailing cables, hazardous substances, working at height, moving machinery and poor housekeeping. To identify hazards is an important step in the risk assessment process and can help organisations take appropriate action to mitigate risk.
Employers and workers in the field of health and safety have responsibility to recognise hazards and respond appropriately to avert accidents and injuries.
Answer:
There are some important hazards associated with electrical installation and maintenance work which can impact upon the safety of workers and others in the workplace.
Electric shock is one of the biggest dangers, and can be caused by direct contact with energised conductors or indirect contact with damaged equipment. If an electric shock does occur, it could cause serious injury, burns or death.
Another frequent hazard is electrical burns, which can happen when someone touches live electrical equipment and/or when there is an electrical arc.
Faulty wiring, overloading circuits, damaged equipment or bad installation work can cause fire. Electrical fires can burn quickly and intensely, destroying property and endangering lives.
Explosions can happen in specific places where the presence of electrical sparks is able to cause flammable gases, vapours and/or dust to ignite.
Other hazards are: working at height, manual handling injuries, use of power tools, exposure to asbestos in older buildings, slips, trips and falls due to trailing cables, and injuries caused by defective equipment.
Unless these hazards are understood, safe working practices and the prevention of accidents cannot be achieved.
Answer:
There are many situations at work which can be a hazard if they are not controlled.
Cables can be damaged, loaded beyond their capacity or improperly installed and temporary electrical supplies can become hazardous. Electric shock and fire hazards can be encountered by workers.
Leading and cables can pose a trip hazard, especially in high traffic areas. Bad cable management can also create the potential for electrical equipment damage.
Slippery or uneven surfaces can result in slips, trips and falls, which can result in severe fractures or minor cuts.
Dust and fumes from drilling, cutting or construction work can have an impact on respiratory health and visibility in the area of work.
Strains, sprains and other manual handling injuries may occur when people do not use the proper lifting techniques when handling and moving materials or equipment.
The presence of contaminants and irritants, such as chemicals, solvents or biological hazards, may cause health problems if workers are not adequately protected.
Other risks are fire, working at height, faulty equipment, poor tool and material storage and lack of proper signage. These hazards need to be recognised during a risk assessment and managed via a safe system of work.
Answer:
The need for hazard control or elimination in the workplace is important in the prevention of accidents, injuries and damage to property. Hazards should be identified as early as possible by inspections, risk assessment and regular monitoring of work activities.
If a hazard is identified, it should be reported to a supervisor, manager or other responsible person immediately. Then an appropriate control measure should be taken to minimise the risk. These can include isolating equipment, limiting access to the area, using warning signs and enhancing housekeeping or offering further training.
All employees must follow safe systems of work and all health and safety practices. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should only be used when other means of risk control are considered. Keeping tools, equipment and electrical systems in good order and repair is also a good way of preventing hazards occurring regularly with regular maintenance and inspection.
Risk assessments must be reviewed if there are changes in working activities or new hazards are identified. Adopting these practices and procedures can help organisations to ensure their work environment is safe and minimise the risk of accidents.
Answer:
There are different types of extinguishers to put out various kinds of fire. The wrong extinguisher may make the fire more dangerous and make it more difficult to extinguish.
|
Fire Type |
Examples |
Suitable Extinguisher |
|
Class A |
Any type of wood, paper, cardboard, and/or textiles are allowed. |
Water, Foam
|
|
Class B |
Petrol, paint and solvents that are flammable |
Foam, CO₂, Dry Powder |
|
Class C |
Flammable gases, like propane or butane. |
Dry Powder |
|
Electrical Fires |
Electrical equipment and installations that have been energised. Electrical equipment or installations that are energised. |
CO₂ or Dry Powder |
|
Class D |
Combustible metals |
Specialist Dry Powder |
|
Class F |
Oils and fats for cooking. |
Wet Chemical |
Answer:
The use of asbestos in the construction industry was widespread due to its strength, heat and insulating properties. Asbestos is a material which is no longer used in the UK, but it can still be found in many older buildings.
Asbestos can be found in many areas during installation, maintenance, refurbishment or demolition activities. Examples include:
The presence of asbestos-containing materials doesn't always mean they can be seen, and disturbing them can give off harmful fibres. Asbestos fibres can lead to severe health problems such as asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma if inhaled. As such, a vigilant attitude is required when working in older buildings and asbestos management procedures are followed.
Answer:
If asbestos is suspected during the course of work activities, employees should immediately cease work activities and take measures to prevent further disturbance of the asbestos. Workers must not attempt to remove, break, drill or cut suspected asbestos or handle asbestos unless they have been trained and authorised to do so.
The area must be isolated, if possible, and access to the area must be limited to avoid the entry of any other person. Any tools or equipment being used should be switched off and left in a safe condition.
The suspected presence of asbestos must be reported immediately to a supervisor, site manager or other responsible person. They will make sure that a competent person or specialist asbestos contractor assesses the material.
Work should not begin until material is identified and deemed safe or suitable controls are in place. If asbestos is found, the only way to remove or treat it is through the Control of Asbestos Regulations and by properly trained personnel.
By following these procedures, workers and others will be protected from inhaling asbestos fibres and the measures will help adhere to health and safety laws.
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