Person BTEC Level 3/HNC Unit 29 Principles and Applications of Fluid Mechanics Assignment Brief 2026

BTEC Unit 29 Assignment Brief 

Vocational Scenario or Context

You have successfully completed part of an apprenticeship with a company that supplies components and equipment for pneumatic, hydraulic and propulsion devices and systems. Your latest placement in the company is with the Design Department. The Department is responsible for designing bespoke solutions for customers as well as standard components and systems.

You will be working with a Senior Design Engineer who has identified some knowledge and skills that you need to develop before you can understand customer requirements and apply them to the selection of components and incorporating them into systems.

Task 1

You have been asked to investigate the nature of fluids, the analysis of static fluid principles and their application in hydrostatic and pneumatic components and systems.

To do this:

Your tutor will provide you with some information about a range of gases and fluids. You will use these to evaluate the application of hydrostatic and pneumatic fluid principles in order to determine system parameters.

Firstly you will need to explain and analyse properties and characteristics of the gases and fluids and how they affect their use as fluid power mediums. You should include information about mass, weight, density, pressure, compressibility, viscosity, surface tension and the characteristics of Newtonian fluids.

You should also:

Explain hydrostatic and pneumatic fluid principles, and then solve the following problems using the values provided by your tutor.

1.A storage tank is w 10 metre wide. It contains a liquid with density  1000 kg/m3 to a depth of h 3 metre. Calculate the hydrostatic thrust on the side of the tank, and its position from the surface of the liquid.

2. A ball of mass m 5 kg and diameter d25 metre is held fully underwater (density 1000 kg/m3.) Calculate
a. the upthrust on the ball
b. the density of the ball
c. the percentage of the ball above the surface of the water if it is allowed to float

3. A journal runs at a speed of 1000rpm in a bearing diameter, 25mm, and length 100 mm. The clearance gap is 0.8 mm. The lubricant used has a dynamic viscosity of 80 cP. The bearing must carry a side load of 800N. Calculate the values of
a. the friction force
b. coefficient of friction
Note: 1cP = 1mPa.s

4. A manometer is used to measure the gas pressure supply to a boiler. One side is connected to the supply and the other is open to the atmosphere. The manometer contains water (density 1000 kg/m3). Calculate the gauge pressure if the head is 200 h mm.
How would you find the absolute pressure of the gas supply?

5. A simple hydraulic jack has a pump piston diameter

6. An air compressor works with a compression ratio R = 5. If the incoming air is at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 20oC, calculate the final air pressure if the final temperature is T2 100 o

Note: 1bar = 100×103Pa

7. Explain briefly why a gas has two specific heat capacities.

1N kg of a gas is heated from 100 T1oC to 200 T2oC. The specific heat capacity of the gas at constant volume is  kJ/kgK and the specific heat capacity at constant pressure  kJ/kgK. Calculate the change in
a. Enthalpy
b. Internal energy
c. Flow energy

8. Explain the difference between an isothermal and an adiabatic expansion of a gas.

V1 1 m3 of the gas in question 7 at a pressure of 1 bar is compressed to 0.5 V2 m3 in an adiabatic change. Calculate the:
a. ratio of the specific heat capacities
b. final pressure

Checklist of Evidence Required

A report containing:

• calculated values
• graphs
• comparison with published values
• solutions to the problems about the nature of fluids, the analysis of static fluid principles and their application in hydrostatic and pneumatic components and systems.

The solutions should be

• logically structured
• well presented, with
• explanations of how hydrostatic and pneumatic fluid principles are applied in determining parameters.

Criteria covered by this Task

Sources of information to support you with this Assignment

Books

BTEC Level 3 National Engineering Student Book (Level 3

BTEC National Engineering); Buckenham et al; Pearson

Education (2010); ISBN-13: 978-1292141008

Mechanical Engineering; Darbyshire A; Routledge (2010);

ISBN-13: 978-0080965772

Mechanical Engineering Principles; Bird, Ross; Routledge (2014); ISBN-13: 978-1138781573

Websites

miniphysics.com/a-level-physics-revision-notes-juniorcollege-physicsh1-h2.html freestudy.co.uk

Above are some examples of websites. Further useful resources may be found atqualifications.pearson.com/en/support/publishedresources.html#step1

Other assessment materials attached to this Assignment Brief
Instructions for the safe performance of practical investigations.

A formula sheet containing all relevant formulae to cover the unit content for Learning Aim A.

A table of values for learners to use with the problems.